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	<title>xDesign Project &#187; How Stuff Is Made Blog</title>
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	<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net</link>
	<description>updates from the lifestyle experiments, public experiments and research of the xClinic (EnvironmentalHealthClinic)</description>
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		<title>example course incorporating howstuffismadeandhowitcanchange</title>
		<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/1228/</link>
		<comments>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/1228/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2009 13:57:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environmental Art Activism Archive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How Stuff Is Made Blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/?p=1228</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Title: How &#8216;How Stuff is Made&#8217; is Made / WritingintheInformationAge Course number: E90. 1952 &#8211; Adv Proj Ditigal Art I / meet with E90.2952 001 Professor: Natalie Jeremijenko Distinguished Visiting Course Advisor: Colin Beavan aka Noimapactman Time: Thursday, 08:55AM &#8211; 02:15PM Place: BARN 402 Example Curriculum: Current classes working on HSIM Madrid:[how architecture is made] [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Title: How &#8216;How Stuff is Made&#8217; is Made / WritingintheInformationAge<br />
Course number:  E90. 1952 &#8211; Adv Proj Ditigal Art I / meet with E90.2952 001<br />
Professor: Natalie Jeremijenko<br />
Distinguished Visiting Course Advisor: Colin Beavan aka Noimapactman</p>
<p>Time: Thursday, 08:55AM &#8211; 02:15PM<br />
Place: BARN 402</p>
<p>Example Curriculum:<br />
Current classes working on HSIM Madrid:[how architecture is made] London: New York:</p>
<p>Course Structure:<br />
HowStuffisMade is a 6 &#8211; 8 week course introducing college level engineering and design students to the social and political constraints, organizational innovations and global context that inform manufacturing decisions. This course complements introductory engineering and design curricula by providing a dynamic, flexible platform for case-study based content and student-led industry investigations not otherwise included in current engineering and design programs. HSIM modules are applied to / taught within existing semester long classes. Class time is divided between weekly studios and lectures/seminars covering assigned reading (manufacturing site-visits are conducted outside of scheduled class-time).</p>
<p>In Spring 2006, HowStuffisMade will begin distributing a course module to university programs in the San Diego region. National distribution will begin in the Fall of 2006. During the projectÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â€žÂ¢s first 5 years HSIM staff will conduct site visits and professional development seminars with selected faculty and administrators from city, state and private institutions. Following this period exemplary faculty will be designated as local area representatives for continuing program distribution and professional development subject to oversight and assessment by HSIM staff members.</p>
<p>Core Content Areas:<br />
HSIM is producing course content in the form of two parallel readers (one for faculty and one for students) addressing core topics. As a nationally and internationally distributed program, HSIM is designed to accommodate core content areas and additional areas of faculty expertise, student interest and geographic relevance: each course will develop as a record of student and faculty investigations and local industry resources. Following review and assessment, materials assembled and produced for each course (additional readings, topics, industry contacts and information) will be publicly compiled and organized on the HSIM on-line site and made available for use by future HSIM faculty and students.<br />
HSIM courses address contextual information via lectures, seminars and readings and guide student-led manufacturing investigations via standards of evidence and faculty/industry feedback. Core areas, addressed in seminars, lectures and readings will include the following:<br />
1. Introduction to Industrial Engineering<br />
2. Introduction to International Labor Economics and Policy<br />
3. Path Dependent vs. Discontinuous models of Design Innovation<br />
4. Introduction to Industrial Ecology<br />
5. Commons-based &#038; open-source information production<br />
6. The Politics of Information<br />
HSIM is currently creating a series of lectures/seminars and bibliographies for each of these areas.</p>
<p>Procedures:<br />
Students begin by selecting a product and dissecting it to determine its component parts. Industry contact, site visits and documentation proceed through the 6-8 period during weekly studio crits. To &#8216;hand-in&#8217; or publicly publish the encyclopedia entry students email the designer and manufacturers identified (ccing faculty) inviting them to improve the entry and instructing them on how to enter corrections/updates. All students have the option to remain on an auto-alert list that notifies them of any edits made to their entries. The decision to adopt edits remains at the discretion of the students and advising project faculty edits are accepted only after meeting standards of evidence and verification.</p>
<p>Assessments &#038; Evaluations:<br />
Student assessments, based on the quality of their entries, are conducted by faculty. General program assessments will be conducted by HSIM staff. Site and user interface functionality reviews will assess data including results from student, faculty and industry interviews, site traffic rates and content editing frequency.</p>
<p>Related events:<br />
<a href="http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/designheroix/">Design Heroix</a> Grand Rounds monthly lecture series</p>
<p><a href="http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/focusthenation/">Focus the Nation</a> teach-in</p>
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		<title>Connecting Sony Playstations and the violence in the Congo</title>
		<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/connecting-sony-playstations-and-the-violence-in-the-congo/</link>
		<comments>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/connecting-sony-playstations-and-the-violence-in-the-congo/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Mar 2007 09:22:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How Stuff Is Made Blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://xdesignproject.com/news/blogs/connecting-sony-playstations-and-the-violence-in-the-congo/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The article linked below describes the war in the Democratic Republic of Congo and suggests that this is driven by the demand for Coltan&#8211; the metal that conducts heat in Sony Playstation. It begins with the assertion: &#8220;This war has been dismissed as an internal African implosion. In reality it is a battle for coltan, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The article linked below describes the war in the Democratic Republic of Congo and suggests that this is driven by the demand for Coltan&#8211; the metal that conducts heat in Sony Playstation. It begins with the assertion:<br />
&#8220;This war has been dismissed as an internal African implosion. In reality it is a battle for coltan, diamonds, cassiterite and gold, destined for sale in London, New York and Paris. It is a battle for the metals that make our technological society vibrate and ring and bling, and it has already claimed 4 million lives in five years and broken a population the size of Britain&apos;s.&#8221; </p>
<p>Congo: The War the World Ignores<br />
by Johann Hari, UK Independent</p>
<p>http://www.sundayindependent.co.za/index.php?fArticleId=3245293</p>
<p>War-Devastated Congo, Your Remote Control, Playstation and Cell Phone.<br />
AUDIO &#8211; Amy Goodman interviewing Johann Hari</p>
<p>http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=06/08/07/1436229</p>
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		<title>What changes when an essay is a visual essay?</title>
		<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/what-changes-when-an-essay-is-a-visual-essay/</link>
		<comments>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/what-changes-when-an-essay-is-a-visual-essay/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Feb 2007 19:12:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How Stuff Is Made Blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://xdesignproject.com/news/blogs/what-changes-when-an-essay-is-a-visual-essay/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[That visual essays are potentially â€œread&#8221; by more people, more quickly, and contain &#8220;more&#8221; information, is a reasonable claim, moreover that we live in a visual culture. Why then, in this powerpoint age, don&apos;t we learn the craft of &#8220;writing&#8221; visual essays at schools and universities in the cross disciplinary manner that we learn written [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>That visual essays are potentially â€œread&#8221; by more people, more quickly, and contain &#8220;more&#8221; information, is a reasonable claim,  moreover that we live in a visual culture.  Why then, in this powerpoint age, don&apos;t we learn the craft of &#8220;writing&#8221; visual essays at schools and universities in the cross disciplinary manner that we learn written essays?  What is a visual essay; just some snaps in temporal order; your photos album up on flickr? What are the techniques used by visual culture production professionals, and how do these strategies adapt to the web; and to the analysis of how stuff is made. </p>
<p>Lana Bernberg, a commercial and documentary television cinematographer, photographer and director before her graduate degree in Environmental Education, and joining the HowStuffisMade project, provides an introduction to storyboarding and how to plan shots to capture critical aspects of production, manufacturing and the art of documentation.<br />
How do you depict industrial contaminants that might be health and safety risks?<br />
How do you â€œseeâ€ the weight of the materials someone lifts? What is the quality of the social relationships at work? How do you depict the materials that come from 6 different countries? Much of the story of production is hard to see, yet important to translate into visual form. </p>
<p>Her lecture notes can be found on the WritingintheInformationAge Wiki in the curricula resources: </p>
<p>http://nyu.edu/projects/xdesign/junglestream/bananasphotoboard.pdf</p>
<p>http://nyu.edu/projects/xdesign/junglestream/storyboardingnotes.doc</p>
<p>http://nyu.edu/projects/xdesign/junglestream/Composition0001.pdf</p>
<p>Francisco van Jole article: http://nyu.edu/projects/xdesign/junglestream/Scriptless%20Society0001.pdf</p>
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		<title>The Politics of Food: St. Cloud State</title>
		<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/the-politics-of-food-st-cloud-state/</link>
		<comments>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/the-politics-of-food-st-cloud-state/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Mar 2006 01:12:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How Stuff Is Made Blog]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Dr. Tracy Ore, an associate professor of sociology &#038; anthropology at St. Cloud State University in Minnesota, has been teaching a &#8216;Sociology and the Politics of Food&#8217; class featuring an informative website: &#8220;This website is put together by students from St Cloud State University in a &#8220;Sociology and Politics of Food&#8221; class. Students in the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dr. Tracy Ore, an associate professor of sociology &#038; anthropology at St. Cloud State University in Minnesota, has been teaching a &#8216;Sociology and the Politics of Food&#8217; class featuring an informative website: </p>
<p>&#8220;This website is put together by students from St Cloud State University in a &#8220;Sociology and Politics of Food&#8221; class. Students in the course examined how the production, distribution, preparation, consumption, and/or representation of a particular food or consumed item creates reinforces, or challenges structures of power among specific groups of people. The goal of the class was to make the information gathered both available and useful to those outside of the class. This web site is the result, serving as a â€œclearinghouseâ€ of information on the politics of food. The purpose of this site is to provide information about a variety of ordinary items we consume and the actions that we can all take regarding the politics of food in our everyday lives.&#8221;</p>
<p>It&#8217;s refreshing that the course is designed to produce good public information.  The students&#8217; PDFs are great introductions, emphasizing &#8216;things you should know&#8217; and &#8216;things you can do.&#8217;  This structure, however, makes it diffulcult to get a sense of how a particular commodity chain operates from start to finish.  Similarly, while labor issues an environmental costs are addressed, they&#8217;re not cleary organized.  Once we complete our website redesign, we&#8217;d like to approach Dr. Ore and assess her interest in a possible HSIM / St. Cloud State collaboration.  </p>
<p><a href="http://web.stcloudstate.edu/teore/food/Facts/index.html">The Politics of Food, Class Website<br />
</a><a href="http://web.stcloudstate.edu/teore/food/FoodSyllabus.pdf">Syllabus</a></p>
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		<title>Feral Trade</title>
		<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/feral-trade/</link>
		<comments>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/feral-trade/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 04 Mar 2006 20:18:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How Stuff Is Made Blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://xdesignproject.com/news/blogs/feral-trade/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Having fallen off the wagon over the past few weeks, we&#8217;re reentering the fray with Kate Rich&#8217;s Feral Trade project. Kate&#8217;s a good friend of Natalie&#8217;s and via Feral Trade, has established a remarkable series of informal, alternative distribution networks of otherwise locally produced goods &#8211; coffee from El Salvador, Sweets from Iran and St. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Having fallen off the wagon over the past few weeks, we&#8217;re reentering the fray with Kate Rich&#8217;s Feral Trade project.  Kate&#8217;s a good friend of Natalie&#8217;s and via Feral Trade, has established a remarkable series of informal, alternative distribution networks of otherwise locally produced goods &#8211; coffee from El Salvador, Sweets from Iran and St. John&#8217;s Wort from Bulgaria.  Shipments are rigorously catalogued, providing visual documentation of people and places along the way and informational packaging that together create an informative narrative of socially driven commodity chains. States Rich:</p>
<p>&#8220;Feral Trade is an initiative to develop new trade relations along social networks. The use of the word &#8216;feral&#8217; denotes a process which is wilfully wild (as in pigeon) as opposed to romantically or nature-wild (wolf). The passage of goods can open up wormholes between diverse social settings, routes along which other information, techniques or individuals can potentially travel.</p>
<p>The first registered feral trade was initiated in 2003, with the import of 30kg of coffee from Sociedad Cooperative de Cafecultores Nonualcos R.L. in San Pedro Nonualco El Salvador, to the Cube Microplex cinema co-op in Bristol UK. The coffee is now traded on through the UK and Europe over social, cultural, familial and occupational networks.</p>
<p>Design and production of documentary product packaging is an integral part of the feral trade process, with a view to rendering diverse currents in global shipping, international relations &#038; network mobility from the extreme local point of view of the feral trade product.&#8221;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.feraltrade.org/">Feral Trade</a></p>
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		<title>Wikipedia vs. Encyclopedia Britannica</title>
		<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/wikipedia-vs-encyclopedia-britannica/</link>
		<comments>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/wikipedia-vs-encyclopedia-britannica/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2006 21:14:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How Stuff Is Made Blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://xdesignproject.com/news/blogs/wikipedia-vs-encyclopedia-britannica/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[For those who missed the recent encyclopedia smackdown (we&#8217;re still playing catch-up here) Nature published a study in December of 2005 comparing the accuracy of 42 science articles in both Wikipedia and Encyclopedia Britannica. The results: Wikipedia&#8217;s entries, created by a diverse group of public participants, were found to be only marginally less accurate than [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>For those who missed the recent encyclopedia smackdown (we&#8217;re still playing catch-up here) Nature published a study in December of 2005 comparing the accuracy of 42 science articles in both Wikipedia and Encyclopedia Britannica.  The results: Wikipedia&#8217;s entries, created by a diverse group of public participants, were found to be only marginally less accurate than Britannica&#8217;s entries, created and vetted by credentialled experts and editors (162 vs. 123 errors total, respectively &#8211; or on average roughly 4 vs. 3 errors per article). </p>
<p>This is good news for Wikipedia which currently contains over 2.5 million articles and is the 37th most visited website on the internet.  It&#8217;s also good news for HowStuffisMade, which is wiki-based (though still responsible to standards of evidence overseen by academics), and for B.I.T.&#8217;s continuing work on &#8216;distributed lay interpretation,&#8217; a central thesis of the OOZ project.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v438/n7070/full/438900a.html">Nature Special Report<br />
</a><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/">Wikipedia</a></p>
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		<title>NatureWorks PLA</title>
		<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/natureworks-pla/</link>
		<comments>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/natureworks-pla/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 11 Feb 2006 20:03:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How Stuff Is Made Blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://xdesignproject.com/news/blogs/natureworks-pla/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[NatureWorks has innovated production of a new fiber, polylactide (PLA), derived from an annually renewable resource &#8211; corn. This new process basically captures plant carbon by isolating lactic acid which is converted to polylactide, a spinnable fiber with robust, competitive material properties. Applications for polylactide are promising (NatureWorks products are already widely distributed) &#8211; including [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>NatureWorks has innovated production of a new fiber, polylactide (PLA), derived from an annually renewable resource &#8211; corn. This new process basically captures plant carbon by isolating lactic acid which is converted to polylactide, a spinnable fiber with robust, competitive material properties.  Applications for polylactide are promising (NatureWorks products are already widely distributed) &#8211; including everything from food packaging to clothing and home product fibers.  Indeed, not only is PLA estimated to reduce fossil fuel production inputs by 50% over traditional petroleum-based products, but it&#8217;s also compostable (the above image spans 58 days at 60Â°C, 95% humidity).  </p>
<p>Sound too good to be true?  Some consider that to be the case.  NatureWorks is a subsidiary of Cargill, a mutilnational agribusiness that has effectively cornered the market on genetically modified corn.  Cargill&#8217;s claims that cost-effective corn-based PLA production prohibits it from sorting ge from non-ge corn has been heavily criticized by several environmental organizations.  In 2001 Patagonia terminated a developing partnership with NatureWorks (to replace some of its petroleum-based apparel products with NatureWorks&#8217; PLA-based Ingeo fibers) on the grounds that the unknown ecological risks of ge corn outweighed PLA&#8217;s environmental benefits.  For its part, NatureWorks claims that it will explore PLA production from other non-ge plant sources, but for now, genetically modified corn seems to be their carbon source of choice.  It&#8217;s a first step.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.natureworksllc.com/corporate/nw_pack_home.asp">NatureWorks<br />
</a><a href="http://www.ingeofibers.com/ingeo/home.asp">Ingeo<br />
</a><a href="http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=2328">CorpWatch Article<br />
More on Biodegradable Thermoplastics: </a><a href="http://www.bpiworld.org/Files/Article/ArtXRU8ov.pdf">What Makes Green Plastics Green?</a></p>
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		<title>2D Barcodes: Shop with your Cell Phone</title>
		<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/2d-barcodes-shop-with-your-cell-phone/</link>
		<comments>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/2d-barcodes-shop-with-your-cell-phone/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Feb 2006 18:46:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How Stuff Is Made Blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://xdesignproject.com/news/blogs/2d-barcodes-shop-with-your-cell-phone/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The day when shoppers will be able to walk into a store and use their cell phone to decide which products they want to buy is not far off. Semacode, a Canadian telecommunications company has developed opensource technology linking 2D barcodes with cell phone cameras and urls &#8211; in other words, scanning the barcode with [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The day when shoppers will be able to walk into a store and use their cell phone to decide which products they want to buy is not far off.  Semacode, a Canadian telecommunications company has developed opensource technology linking 2D barcodes with cell phone cameras and urls &#8211; in other words, scanning the barcode with your phone camera automatically links your display to the encoded website (2D barcodes can store much more information than their linear predecessors &#8211; the above barcode contains HSIM&#8217;s mission statement and url).</p>
<p>Dara O&#8217;Rourke, assistant professor of Environmental and Labor Policy at Berkeley, has proposed applying this technology to product traceability &#8211; in theory, empowering consumers to make choices on the basis of back-end production information (i.e. how something was made) that could provide a competetive advantage to best-practice manufacturers.  So, the next time you&#8217;re at the supermarket wondering what &#8216;free-range&#8217; really means, you might be able to see for yourself. </p>
<p><a href="http://www.semacode.org/">Semacode</a></p>
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		<title>How the New York Times is Made</title>
		<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/how-the-new-york-times-is-made/</link>
		<comments>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/how-the-new-york-times-is-made/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Feb 2006 05:35:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How Stuff Is Made Blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://xdesignproject.com/news/blogs/how-the-new-york-times-is-made/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The New York Times&#8217; print circulation averages about 1.1 million for the daily edition, and just under 1.7 million for the Sunday edition. At over 8 million newspapers at week, or 430 million a year &#8211; that&#8217;s a lot of paper. Of the Times&#8217; 19 nationally distributed printing facilities, one is located in New York [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The New York Times&#8217; print circulation averages about 1.1 million for the daily edition, and just under 1.7 million for the Sunday edition.  At over 8 million newspapers at week, or 430 million a year &#8211; that&#8217;s a lot of paper.  Of the Times&#8217; 19 nationally distributed printing facilities, one is located in New York in College Point, Queens.  The Times offers a &#8216;virtual tour&#8217; of the plant &#8211; an exciting prospect, but not well executed.  To be sure, it raises some interesting questions, but the pictures are blurry, information is spare, and in nearly all of the photographs nary a worker is to be found.  Given their willingness to provide some information on their production process, perhaps they could be convinced to team up with HSIM to produce what could be a compelling essay &#8211; one that includes not just the technology and resources required to churn out over a million newspapers a day, but labor issues and environmental costs as well.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.nytco.com/subsites/college-point/cpt1.html">NYT College Point Virtual Tour</a></p>
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		<title>Edward Burtynsky: China</title>
		<link>http://www.environmentalhealthclinic.net/news/blogs/edward-burtynsky-china/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Feb 2006 02:51:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How Stuff Is Made Blog]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://xdesignproject.com/news/blogs/edward-burtynsky-china/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This fall the Toronto-based landscape photographer Edward Burtynsky introduced a new series of photographs from China. In particular, his &#8216;Manufacturing&#8217; series, taken in factories throughout China&#8217;s southern province of Guangdong, mark a departure from his previous work, characterized by technically skilled but often romanticized depictions of industrial landscapes. His earlier &#8216;Shipbreaking&#8217; series, for example, documents [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This fall the Toronto-based landscape photographer Edward Burtynsky introduced a new series of photographs from China.  In particular, his &#8216;Manufacturing&#8217; series, taken in factories throughout China&#8217;s southern province of Guangdong, mark a departure from his previous work, characterized by technically skilled but often romanticized depictions of industrial landscapes.  His earlier &#8216;Shipbreaking&#8217; series, for example, documents the incredible dismantling of enormous steel ships in Chittagong, Bangladesh as a purely formal exercise with little or no reference to the laborers or the life-threatening conditions in which they work.  </p>
<p>Most of Burtynsky&#8217;s work in China continues in this vein, but his manufacturing series is arresting &#8211; for once, his formal interests in scale intersect with the organization of human labor.  While statistics on the growth of China&#8217;s manufacturing sector are by now well rehearsed, Burtynsky&#8217;s photographs attest both to the immediacy of visual information, and more importantly, to the social restructuring effecting this growth. </p>
<p><a href="http://www.edwardburtynsky.com/">Edward Burtynsky</a></p>
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